Conditions We Treat

We can provide help for everyone (aged 12-75) from all walks of life at any point across their mental health journey.

Depression is a common and treatable condition that affects mood, thinking, motivation and daily functioning. Early assessment and evidence-based treatment, including psychological therapy, medication and lifestyle support, can significantly improve recovery and wellbeing.

  1. Depression is a biological condition, affecting brain cells and networks. It is a common condition affecting 1 in 5 people, at some time in their lifetime. 
  2. A combination of excess of stress hormones, activate vulnerable causing symptoms. Stressful life events usually precede an onset of an episode. 
  3. Depression is clinically diagnosed when a person feels persistently sad in mood, not been able to enjoy activities, lose motivation, lacks energy and at times experiencing suicidal thoughts persistently at least over 2 weeks. 
  4. Depression also affects our higher cognitive abilities, such as, process information, organise thoughts, plan, control emotions and make thoughtful decisions. Symptoms of depression are usually accompanied by changes in activity such as withdrawal from work, social and selfcare activities. 
  5. Involuntary negative thoughts such as hopeless, helplessness and being not good enough may dominate our brains. When depression is severe, we feel “trapped”, and may feels suicidal. 
  6. Due to brains altered ability to process information, we may see the world as been dark, fearful and dangerous. 
  7. The good news is, that depression can be treated fully, starting with lifestyle changes, psychological treatments and antidepressants. 
  8. Exercise, healthy lifestyle changes and psychological treatments are the first steps to address mild depression and maintain wellness. 
  9. Antidepressants are very effective for moderate and severe depression, and all side effects of medications are reversible. 
  10. Approximately 70% of people experience depression will recover from psychological treatment or taking 1-2 antidepressants. 
  11. 30% of people with depression may not respond to standard treatments and may be considered to suffer from treatment resistant depression. 
  12. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Esketamine nasal spray are evidence based and Medicare funded treatments for treatment resistance or people who are unable to take medications due to side effects. 
  13. Untreated depression can affect significantly affects all aspects of our lives including education, employment, family and social commitments. Long term untreated depression increases the risk of heart disease, immunological conditions, gut health and dementia. 
  14. Depression can affect from 7-8 years of age until the end of life. 
  15. Specific life events such as pregnancy, loss of a loved one, relationship breakdown, loss of job, experiencing traumatic incidents and significant illnesses such as cancer, heart disease and chronic illnesses/injury can exacerbate or trigger an episode. 
  16. Depression can be a recurring condition. The risk of developing a second episode of depression after a significant first episode is approximately 50%. The risk increases to 90% after a person develop a second episode. Maintenance treatment is indicated for people who have experienced more than 2 episodes of depression. 
  17. The treatments available are very effective, especially when taken with understanding and collaboration with professionals. 
  18. Brain is the decision making and centrally controlling part of our body. Good brain health is imperative to an individual’s wellbeing and healthy relationships.  

rTMS is a non-invasive treatment that uses magnetic pulses to stimulate specific areas of the brain involved in depression and may be considered for treatment-resistant depression. 
 
Lifestyle Factors That Support Recovery 

  • Regular physical exercise
  • Good sleep habits
  • Stress management techniques
  • Limiting alcohol and recreational drug use
  • Maintaining social connections
  • Seeking treatment for other physical and mental health conditions

When Should You Seek Help? 
 
Seek professional help if symptoms are causing significant distress or interfering with daily life. 
 
There is Hope 
 
With the right combination of therapy, medication, lifestyle changes, and specialist support, many people experience substantial improvement and regain control of their lives. 

Women’s mental health is shaped by a unique combination of biological, psychological, and social factors that can change throughout life stages.

Hormonal changes during puberty, the perinatal period, perimenopause, and menopause can influence many aspects of wellbeing.

Concurrently, balancing the competing demands of work, family, caregiving and personal responsibilities can contribute to mental ill health.

Every woman’s experience is different. Understanding each person’s individual circumstances allows for an accurate diagnostic assessment and a tailored, evidence-based, biopsychosocial treatment plan. 

Anxiety disorders occur when the brain’s natural threat response becomes overactive, leading to excessive worry and physical symptoms. Effective treatment can reduce anxiety, restore confidence and help people return to everyday activities.

What Is Anxiety? 

Anxiety is a normal human response designed to keep us safe. 
 
When we face danger, our brain activates a protective ‘fight, flight or freeze’ response that prepares us to react quickly. This response is essential for survival. 
 
However, sometimes the brain’s alarm system becomes overactive and starts responding to situations that are not genuinely dangerous. When anxiety begins to interfere with daily life, relationships, work, or enjoyment, it may have developed into an anxiety disorder. 
 
Anxiety disorders are common, well understood, and highly treatable. 

Could You Be Experiencing Anxiety?  

Emotional Symptoms

  • Excessive worry
  • Feeling overwhelmed
  • Irritability
  • Fear or dread
  • Restlessness
  • Feeling on edge 


 Physical Symptoms

  • Racing heart
  • Shortness of breath
  • Sweating
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea
  • Butterflies in the stomach
  • Chest tightness
  • Headaches
  • Shaking or trembling 

Behavioural Symptoms

  • Avoiding situations or people
  • Withdrawing socially
  • Difficulty attending work or school
  • Seeking constant reassurance
  • Feeling unable to relax

Many people are surprised to learn that anxiety can cause significant physical symptoms even when there is no immediate danger. 

 

Why Does Anxiety Happen? 

Anxiety develops through a combination of genetics, personality traits, life experiences, stressful life events, physical health conditions, and previous trauma. 
 
Common triggers include workplace stress, relationship difficulties, financial pressures, health concerns, significant life changes, and traumatic experiences. 

 

How Anxiety Affects the Brain 

Several brain networks work together to detect and respond to potential threats. 
 
When anxiety becomes excessive, the brain starts to overestimate danger and underestimate safety. 
 
This can lead to constant ‘what if’ thinking, difficulty concentrating, increased vigilance, overthinking decisions, and avoidance of everyday situations. 
 
Many people describe feeling trapped in a cycle of worry that seems difficult to switch off. 

 

Types of Anxiety Disorders 

Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD): Persistent and excessive worry about multiple areas of life. 
 
Panic Disorder: Sudden episodes of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms. 
 
Social Anxiety Disorder: Fear of being judged, criticised, or embarrassed in social situations. 
 
Specific Phobias: Intense fear of particular situations or objects. 
 
Separation and Attachment Anxiety: Difficulty feeling safe when separated from significant people or support figures. 

 

Anxiety Is Not a Sign of Weakness 

Many people with anxiety possess strengths that have helped them throughout life. These may include attention to detail, strong problem-solving abilities, empathy, responsibility, and careful planning. 
 
The goal of treatment is not to remove these strengths, but to reduce the excessive fear and worry that may accompany them. 

 

Effective Treatment Options 

Anxiety disorders respond very well to treatment. 
 
Treatment may include psychological therapy, medication, lifestyle strategies, or a combination of approaches. 
 
Evidence-based therapies include Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and exposure-based therapies. 
 
For moderate to severe anxiety, medications such as SSRIs and SNRIs can be highly effective. 
 
Lifestyle factors such as exercise, healthy sleep, good nutrition, stress management, and maintaining social connections also play an important role in recovery. 

 

When Should You Seek Help? 

Consider seeking professional support if anxiety is persisting for several weeks or months, affecting work or study, causing relationship difficulties, limiting social activities, preventing enjoyment of life, or affecting your physical health and sleep. 
 
Early treatment often leads to better outcomes and faster recovery. 

 

You Are Not Alone 

Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental health conditions. 
 
Approximately one in three people will experience an anxiety disorder at some point during their lives. 
 
Seeking help is a sign of strength, not weakness. 

 

Recovery Is Possible 

Most people with anxiety improve significantly with appropriate treatment and support. 
 
At Best Brains and Minds Specialist Clinic, our psychiatrists provide comprehensive assessment and personalised treatment plans to help you regain confidence, reduce anxiety symptoms, and return to living life fully. 

 

Take the First Step 

If anxiety is affecting your quality of life, help is available. 
 
Contact our team today to arrange an assessment and discuss treatment options tailored to your needs. 

What is OCD?  
 
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common mental health condition that affects people of all ages. It is characterised by unwanted thoughts, images, or urges (called obsessions) and repetitive behaviours or mental rituals (called compulsions). 
 
These symptoms can be distressing, time-consuming, and may interfere with work, study, relationships, and daily life. 
 
Understanding Obsessions  
 
Obsessions are unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that repeatedly enter a person’s mind. They are often upsetting and difficult to ignore. 
 
Common obsessions may include:

  • Fear of contamination or germs
  • Excessive doubts and uncertainty
  • ear of causing harm to oneself or others
  • Disturbing or intrusive sexual thoughts
  • Unwanted aggressive thoughts
  • Religious or moral concerns
  • A strong need for symmetry or exactness

Some people experience thoughts that feel shocking or completely out of character, such as fears of acting inappropriately in public or harming someone accidentally. These thoughts can be extremely distressing, but they do not mean that the person wants to act on them. 
 
Understanding Compulsions  
 
Compulsions are repetitive behaviours or mental acts performed to reduce anxiety or relieve the discomfort caused by obsessions. 
 
Common compulsions include:

  • Repeated checking of locks, appliances, or doors
  • Excessive handwashing or cleaning
  • Counting, repeating words, or praying silently
  • Arranging items in a specific way
  • Seeking reassurance from others
  • Repeatedly reviewing events in one’s mind

Different Types of OCD 

  • Obsessions and Compulsions Together
  • Predominantly Obsessional OCD
  • Predominantly Compulsive OCD

What Causes OCD?  
 
Brain Function
 
Studies have shown increased activity in certain brain regions involved in:

  • Detecting threats and danger (Amygdala)
  • Decision-making (Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Prefrontal Cortex)
  • Managing thoughts and behaviours (Basal Ganglia)

Emotional regulation (Orbitofrontal Cortex) 
 
Genetics and Environment  
 
Like many mental health conditions, OCD appears to result from a combination of:

  • Genetic vulnerability
  • Life experiences
  • Stress
  • Environmental influences 

  
OCD and Other Mental Health Conditions  
 
Common associated conditions include:

  • Anxiety disorders
  • Depression
  • Panic disorder
  • Social anxiety  

How is OCD Treated?  

Psychological Therapy  
 
The most evidence-based treatment is Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) with Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP).

Medication  
 
Commonly used SSRIs include:

  • Sertraline
  • Fluoxetine
  • Fluvoxamine
  • Escitalopram
  • Paroxetine

Possible side effects may include:

  • Nausea
  • Headache
  • Sleep disturbance
  • Increased sweating
  • Sexual side effects (usually reversible)
  • Mild stomach upset 

Bipolar Affective Disorder is a brain-based mood condition that causes episodes of elevated mood and depression. With appropriate treatment, psychological support and ongoing management, many people achieve long-term stability and lead productive lives.

A Treatable Brain-Based Mood Condition 

Bipolar affective disorder is a mental health condition that affects mood, energy, thinking, sleep, and behaviour. It often has a strong genetic link and can run in families. 
 
Although bipolar disorder can be serious, it is also very treatable. With the right medical care, psychological support, lifestyle routines, and relapse prevention plan, many people live fulfilling, stable, and productive lives. 

What Is Bipolar Disorder? 

Bipolar disorder is usually diagnosed when a person has experienced at least one episode of mania or hypomania. These episodes involve a clear period of elevated, irritable, or unusually energised mood, often lasting several days or longer. 
 
During these episodes, a person may feel unusually confident, active, or full of ideas. They may need much less sleep than usual but still feel full of energy. 

Symptoms of Mania or Hypomania 

  • Increased energy and reduced need for sleep 
  • Racing thoughts 
  • Fast or pressured speech 
  • Feeling unusually confident, powerful, or important 
  • Taking on many plans or ideas at once 
  • Becoming more impulsive 
  • Spending excessively 
  • Increased sexual or social disinhibition 
  • Using alcohol or substances more than usual 
  • Taking risks they would not normally take 

Sometimes, during a severe manic episode, a person may also develop delusional beliefs. These are fixed beliefs that are not based in reality, such as believing they have special powers, unusual wealth, or a special mission. 

Why Early Treatment Matters 

Manic episodes can affect relationships, work, finances, reputation, and safety. Often, after a period of elevated mood, people may experience a sharp drop in mood and become very depressed. 
 
This depressive phase can be associated with hopelessness, suicidal thoughts, or suicidal behaviour. For this reason, bipolar disorder should always be taken seriously and treated early. 

What Is Happening in the Brain? 

Bipolar disorder involves changes in how the brain regulates mood, energy, judgement, and impulse control. 
 
During mania, the parts of the brain that usually help with caution, inhibition, and careful decision-making may become less effective. At the same time, parts of the brain linked with drive, confidence, and activity may become overactive. 
 
Treatment aims to restore balance, stability, and healthy regulation of mood and behaviour. 

Treatment Options 

Bipolar disorder is usually treated with mood-stabilising medication, psychological support, and lifestyle strategies. 

  • Lithium 
  • Sodium valproate 
  • Lamotrigine 

Some antipsychotic medications can also help stabilise mood and treat symptoms such as delusions or severe agitation. These may include: 

  • Olanzapine 
  • Aripiprazole 
  • Risperidone 

Medication should always be prescribed and monitored by a qualified medical practitioner. 

Other Conditions That May Occur Alongside Bipolar Disorder 

  • Anxiety disorders 
  • ADHD 
  • Substance misuse 

Identifying and treating these conditions is important for long-term recovery. 

Staying Well and Preventing Relapse 

Bipolar disorder often follows a relapsing and remitting course. This means people may have periods of illness followed by periods of recovery. 

  • Continuing prescribed medication 
  • Regular psychiatric review 
  • Psychological therapy 
  • Good sleep routines 
  • Avoiding drugs and excessive alcohol 
  • Managing stress 
  • Recognising early warning signs 
  • Involving trusted family or supports where appropriate 

A Positive Outlook 

With the right treatment and support, bipolar disorder can be managed very effectively. Many people recover well after episodes and return to meaningful work, relationships, study, and family life. 
 
Early treatment, relapse prevention, and ongoing support are key to staying well. 

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition affecting attention, organisation and impulse control. Comprehensive assessment and personalised treatment can improve focus, productivity and quality of life while recognising individual strengths.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that influences communication, social interaction and behaviour. Understanding individual strengths and challenges allows personalised support that helps people thrive throughout every stage of life.

What Is ADHD? 

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition that affects attention, concentration, impulse control, organisation, and activity levels. 
 
ADHD is not caused by laziness, poor parenting, lack of intelligence, or lack of motivation. It reflects differences in how the brain regulates attention, decision-making, and behaviour. 
 
Many people with ADHD are intelligent, creative, energetic, and innovative. However, without the right support, ADHD can affect education, work performance, relationships, self-esteem, and mental wellbeing. 
 
ADHD symptoms usually begin during childhood and often continue into adulthood. 

Common Signs of ADHD 

Difficulties with Attention:  

  • Easily distracted
  • Difficulty concentrating on routine or repetitive tasks
  • Forgetting appointments or deadlines
  • Frequently losing important items
  • Difficulty following instructions
  • Trouble completing tasks

Difficulties with Organisation:  

  • Poor time management
  • Chronic procrastination
  • Difficulty prioritising activities
  • Feeling overwhelmed by multiple tasks
  • Disorganisation at home, work, or school

Difficulties with Impulse Control:  

  • Acting before thinking
  • Interrupting conversations
  • Difficulty waiting your turn
  • Impulsive decision-making
  • Risk-taking behaviours

Hyperactivity and Restlessness:  

  • Feeling constantly ‘on the go’
  • Fidgeting
  • Difficulty sitting still
  • Excessive talking
  • Internal feelings of restlessness 

How ADHD Affects the Brain 

ADHD primarily affects the executive functions of the brain, located within the prefrontal cortex. These brain networks help us focus attention, plan ahead, organise activities, manage time, control impulses, and complete tasks. Research suggests that people with ADHD have differences in dopamine and noradrenaline activity within these brain networks. 

ADHD Is More Than Difficulty Concentrating 

Many adults with ADHD describe constant mental ‘noise’, difficulty switching off thoughts, starting multiple projects but not finishing them, chronic procrastination, poor time awareness, forgetfulness, feeling overwhelmed by everyday responsibilities, and working best under pressure. 

The Strengths of ADHD 

ADHD is often associated with creativity, innovation, problem-solving ability, high energy levels, adaptability, entrepreneurial thinking, thinking outside the box, and performing well in fast-paced environments. The aim of treatment is not to change who you are. It is to reduce the difficulties caused by ADHD while preserving and enhancing your strengths. 

Conditions That Commonly Occur Alongside ADHD 

ADHD frequently coexists with anxiety disorders, depression, autism spectrum disorder, learning difficulties, sleep disorders, and substance use disorders. A comprehensive assessment helps identify all contributing factors and guides the most appropriate treatment plan. 

How Is ADHD Diagnosed? 

ADHD is diagnosed through a comprehensive assessment performed by a psychiatrist or paediatrician. Assessment may include a detailed developmental history, review of childhood symptoms, assessment of current difficulties, screening questionnaires, evaluation of co-existing conditions, and information from family members where appropriate. There is currently no blood test or brain scan that can diagnose ADHD. 

ADHD Medications 

Medication is one of the most effective treatments available for ADHD and can significantly improve attention, concentration, impulse control, organisation, and productivity. 
 
Stimulant Medications: 
• Methylphenidate (Ritalin®, Ritalin LA®, Concerta®) 
• Dexamfetamine 
• Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse®) 
 
Non-Stimulant Medications: 
• Atomoxetine (Strattera®) 
• Guanfacine (Intuniv®) 
• Clonidine 

Possible Side Effects 

Most people tolerate ADHD medications well. 
 
Common stimulant side effects may include reduced appetite, difficulty falling asleep, dry mouth, mild headaches, nausea, mild anxiety, palpitations, and jaw clenching. 
 
Common non-stimulant side effects may include sleepiness, dizziness, dry mouth, fatigue, and nausea. 
 
Most side effects are mild, manageable, and often improve as the body adjusts to treatment. 

Treatment Involves More Than Medication 

Medication can significantly improve concentration and impulse control, but it does not replace healthy habits and practical skills. The best outcomes occur when medication is combined with good sleep habits, regular exercise, structured daily routines, effective time management, organisational strategies, healthy nutrition, and psychological support when needed. 

Why Early Diagnosis Matters 

Untreated ADHD can contribute to academic difficulties, workplace challenges, relationship stress, anxiety and depression, reduced self-confidence, financial difficulties, and increased risk-taking behaviours. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve long-term outcomes and quality of life. 

Success with ADHD 

ADHD is not a reflection of intelligence or potential. Many successful entrepreneurs, professionals, athletes, artists, and innovators have ADHD. With appropriate assessment, treatment, and support, people with ADHD can thrive in education, careers, relationships, and personal development. 

Take the First Step 

If you think you or a family member may have ADHD, a comprehensive assessment can provide clarity and guidance. At Best Brains and Minds Specialist Clinic, we provide evidence-based ADHD assessment and treatment for adolescents and adults, helping individuals understand their strengths, overcome challenges, and achieve their goals. 

What is Autism Spectrum Disorder? 
 
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects communication, social interaction, behaviour, and how a person experiences the world. Autism exists on a spectrum, meaning every individual is unique and may require different levels of support. 
 
How Does Autism Affect People? 
 
Autism primarily affects social communication and interaction. Many autistic people prefer clear, direct communication and may find it difficult to interpret social cues, sarcasm, humour, facial expressions, or body language. 
 
Routine, Structure and Repetition 
 
Many autistic people prefer routine, predictability, and structure. Changes to plans or unexpected situations can be stressful. Strong interests in specific topics may provide enjoyment, comfort, and achievement. 
 
Levels of Autism 
 
Level 1: Requires some support. 
 
Level 2: Requires substantial support. 
 
Level 3: Requires very substantial support and may include limited verbal communication or significant assistance with daily activities. 
 
What Causes Autism? 
 
Autism has a strong genetic component and reflects differences in brain development and connectivity. Signs are usually present from childhood, although some people are diagnosed later in life. 
 
Strengths Associated with Autism 
 
Common strengths may include excellent memory, attention to detail, logical thinking, pattern recognition, creativity, honesty, and deep expertise in areas of interest. 
 
Challenges Autistic People May Experience 
 
Challenges may include social communication difficulties, sensory sensitivities, managing change, emotional regulation, anxiety, and understanding social expectations. 
 
Autism and Other Mental Health Conditions 
 
Autistic people have a higher risk of anxiety, depression, ADHD, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, sleep difficulties, and in some cases psychosis. Early identification and treatment are important. 
 
Supporting Someone with Autism 
 
Helpful approaches include clear communication, predictable routines, reducing sensory overload, supporting strengths, treating co-existing conditions, and creating supportive environments. 
 
Autism Across the Lifespan 
 
Autism is generally lifelong, but support needs may change over time. With appropriate support, autistic people can thrive and lead meaningful, productive lives. 
 
When Should You Seek an Assessment? 
 
An assessment may be helpful when longstanding difficulties with social communication, sensory sensitivities, routines, relationships, or flexibility are affecting daily life. 
 
There is Strength in Understanding 
 
Recognising both the strengths and challenges associated with autism helps individuals, families, schools, w orkplaces, and clinicians provide meaningful support and opportunities.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition affecting attention, organisation and impulse control. Comprehensive assessment and personalised treatment can improve focus, productivity and quality of life while recognising individual strengths.

More Than a Personality Disorder

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a complex condition that affects emotions, relationships, self-identity, and the ability to cope with stress. Many people living with BPD have experienced significant emotional adversity, trauma, neglect, attachment difficulties, or inconsistent caregiving during childhood. Not everyone with BPD has experienced trauma, but research suggests that early life experiences can play an important role in shaping the developing brain. BPD is not a character flaw, weakness, or a choice. It is a condition involving differences in how emotional and regulatory brain networks develop and function. The good news is that recovery is possible, and many people with BPD go on to lead fulfilling and meaningful lives.

Understanding the Emotional Brain

The brain develops gradually throughout childhood and adolescence. One of the most important parts of the brain is the amygdala, which acts as an internal alarm system. Its role is to detect potential threats and help keep us safe. Another important area is the prefrontal cortex, which helps us:

  • Regulate emotions
  • Control impulses
  • Solve problems
  • Understand ourselves and others
  • Consider different perspectives
  • Make thoughtful decisions

During childhood, these systems learn to work together. Supportive and consistent relationships help children develop the emotional regulation skills that eventually become internalised as adults.

How Trauma and Stress Can Affect Development

When children are exposed to chronic stress, emotional neglect, abuse, family conflict, or inconsistent caregiving, the brain’s threat system may become overactive.

Over time this can result in:

  • Increased emotional sensitivity
  • Heightened fear of rejection or abandonment
  • Difficulties managing distress
  • Increased impulsivity
  • Challenges with trust and relationships
  • Difficulties developing a stable sense of self

Many people with BPD describe feeling emotionally overwhelmed by situations that others appear to manage more easily. This is not because they are weak. It reflects the way the brain has adapted to survive difficult experiences.

Why Emotions Can Feel So Intense

People with BPD often experience emotions more intensely and for longer periods of time than others. A small disagreement, criticism, perceived rejection, or fear of abandonment can trigger powerful emotional responses. At these times, the brain’s threat system can become highly activated, making it difficult to access the more reflective and problem-solving parts of the brain. People may later look back and recognise that they reacted in ways that do not fully reflect how they usually think or behave.

Fear of Abandonment and Attachment Difficulties

Human beings are biologically wired for connection. As children, we rely on caregivers not only for physical safety but also for emotional regulation. When early relationships are inconsistent, frightening, unpredictable, or unavailable, the brain may become highly sensitive to separation, rejection, or abandonment. As adults, this can lead to:

  • Strong fears of being left alone
  • Intense reactions to relationship difficulties
  • Reassurance-seeking
  • Difficulty trusting others
  • Challenges maintaining stable relationships

These reactions often arise from deeply ingrained survival responses rather than conscious choices.

Difficulties with Identity

Many people with BPD describe uncertainty about who they are. They may experience:

  • Fluctuating self-esteem
  • Rapidly changing goals or values
  • Feeling empty or disconnected
  • Adopting aspects of other people’s identities
  • Difficulty maintaining a stable sense of self

Developing a clear and consistent identity is one of the important goals of recovery.

Self-Harm and Risk Behaviours

Some people with BPD engage in self-harm, substance use, impulsive behaviours, or other coping strategies when experiencing overwhelming emotional distress. These behaviours are often attempts to:

  • Reduce emotional pain
  • Escape distressing feelings
  • Create a sense of relief
  • Feel connected to others
  • Regain a sense of control

Although these strategies may provide short-term relief, they often create additional difficulties over time. Learning healthier coping strategies is a key part of treatment and recovery.

Complex Trauma

Complex trauma refers to repeated or prolonged exposure to emotionally overwhelming experiences, often occurring during childhood. Examples may include:

  • Emotional abuse
  • Physical abuse
  • Sexual abuse
  • Neglect
  • Domestic violence
  • Chronic family conflict
  • Repeated experiences of fear or insecurity

Complex trauma can affect emotional regulation, self-esteem, relationships, identity development, and physical health. Many symptoms of complex trauma overlap with symptoms seen in BPD.

Effective Treatments Are Available

BPD and complex trauma are highly treatable conditions. Evidence-based treatments include: Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) DBT helps individuals develop skills in emotional regulation, distress tolerance, mindfulness, and interpersonal effectiveness. Trauma-Focused Therapies Trauma-informed therapies help individuals process traumatic experiences and develop healthier patterns of thinking and relating. Medication There is no single medication that treats BPD itself. However, medications may sometimes be used to help manage symptoms such as anxiety, depression, mood instability, sleep difficulties, and impulsivity.

Building a Life Worth Living

Recovery involves more than reducing symptoms. Treatment often focuses on: • Developing stable relationships

  • Strengthening self-identity
  • Improving emotional resilience
  • Building meaningful goals
  • Creating a fulfilling and purposeful life

Recovery Is Possible

Many people with BPD improve significantly over time. Research shows that with appropriate treatment, support, and commitment to recovery, many individuals experience substantial reductions in symptoms and improvements in relationships, emotional wellbeing, and quality of life. A diagnosis of BPD does not define who you are or what you can achieve.

Take the First Step

If you believe you may be experiencing symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder or the effects of complex trauma, professional assessment can provide clarity, understanding, and access to effective treatment. At Best Brains and Minds Specialist Clinic, we provide compassionate, evidence-based assessment and treatment designed to help individuals understand their experiences, develop effective coping skills, and build a more stable and rewarding life.

Schizophrenia is a medical condition that affects thinking, emotions and perception. Early diagnosis, medication, psychological support and ongoing specialist care can help manage symptoms, reduce relapse and support a fulfilling, independent life.

What Is Schizophrenia? 
 
Schizophrenia is a medical condition that affects how the brain processes information, emotions, and experiences. It can influence the way a person thinks, feels, and interprets the world around them. 
 
Although schizophrenia is a serious condition, it is also highly treatable. With the right treatment, support, and healthy lifestyle habits, people can lead fulfilling, meaningful, and productive lives. 
 
How Common Is Schizophrenia? 
 
Schizophrenia affects approximately 3–7 people per 1,000 worldwide and can occur in both men and women. 
 
Symptoms often begin in late adolescence or early adulthood, although the condition can develop at other ages. 
 
What Happens in the Brain? 
 
One of the key areas affected is the prefrontal cortex, located at the front of the brain. This region helps us:

  • Make decisions
  • Plan ahead
  • Understand our emotions
  • Maintain attention and concentration
  • Understand social situations
  • Reflect on ourselves and others
  • Evaluate information logically

When schizophrenia develops, the brain may have difficulty processing information accurately. Changes in brain chemistry—particularly involving dopamine—can make us jump to conclusions without much evidence. 
 
As a result, some people may: 

  • Develop strong beliefs that others do not share
  • Misinterpret events or situations
  • Hear or see experiences in an altered way that support strongly held beliefs
  • Lose touch with reality 

These experiences are known as psychotic symptoms. 
 
Common Symptoms of Schizophrenia 
 
Positive Symptoms

  • Hearing voices (auditory hallucinations)
  • Seeing or sensing things that are not present
  • Strong beliefs that are not based on reality (delusions)
  • Suspiciousness or paranoia
  • Disorganised thinking or speech 

Negative Symptoms  

  • Reduced motivation
  • Social withdrawal
  • Difficulty experiencing pleasure
  • Reduced emotional expression
  • Lack of energy

Cognitive Symptoms  

  • Poor concentration
  • Memory difficulties
  • Slower thinking
  • Difficulty planning and organising tasks
  • Challenges with decision-making

Why Early Treatment Matters 
 
Research consistently shows that early diagnosis and treatment lead to better long-term outcomes. 
 
When symptoms are recognised early and treatment begins promptly, people are more likely to:

  • Recover more quickly
  • Maintain relationships
  • Continue education or employment
  • Reduce the risk of future relapses
  • Preserve cognitive functioning 

Treatment Options 
 
Medication  
 
Antipsychotic medications help restore balance to brain chemistry and reduce symptoms of psychosis. 
 
Commonly prescribed medications include: 

  • Olanzapine
  • Risperidone
  • Aripiprazole
  • Lurasidone
  • Quetiapine
  • Paliperidone
  • Clozapine (for treatment-resistant schizophrenia) 

Psychological and Social Support  

  • Psychoeducation
  • Psychological therapy
  • Family support
  • Social skills training
  • Vocational support
  • Regular exercise
  • Healthy sleep habits
  • Stress management strategies 

What About Medication Side Effects? 
 
Common side effects may include: 

  • Drowsiness or sedation
  • Restlessness
  • Weight gain or weight changes
  • Nausea
  • Muscle stiffness
  • Tremor
  • Sexual side effects 

Many side effects improve over time or can be managed by adjusting medication or dosage. 
 

Is Schizophrenia Genetic? 
 
Genetics play an important role in schizophrenia, but genetics alone do not determine whether someone will develop the condition. 
 
If you are the only parent suffering from schizophrenia, the likelihood of your child not developing schizophrenia is over 85%. 
 
Can People Recover? 
 
Many people with schizophrenia achieve significant recovery and live independent, rewarding lives. 
 
With modern treatments, ongoing support, and healthy lifestyle habits, many individuals can: 

  • Work or study
  • Maintain relationships
  • Raise families
  • Pursue hobbies and interests
  • Contribute meaningfully to their communities 

 
Key Take-Home Messages 
 
✓ Schizophrenia is a medical condition affecting brain function. 
✓ It is treatable, and many people recover well. 
✓ Early diagnosis and treatment improve long-term outcomes. 
✓ Medication, psychological support, and healthy lifestyle habits all play important roles. 
✓ Regular follow-up with your psychiatrist helps ensure the best possible outcome. 
✓ Having schizophrenia does not define who you are or what you can achieve. 

There is over 90% chance of relapse if not treated with medications.  
  
When to Seek Help  
 
If you or someone you care about is experiencing: 

  • Hearing voices
  • Increasing suspiciousness or paranoia
  • Unusual beliefs
  • Significant changes in behaviour
  • Social withdrawal
  • Difficulties with thinking or concentration

It is important to seek professional assessment as early as possible. 

We see children and adolescents, along with their families, for psychiatric assessment and ongoing care. Referrals are welcome from GPs, paediatricians, psychologists and other health professionals. We provide assessment and care for a range of everyday emotional and developmental concerns in children and teenagers. We take a warm, respectful and developmentally informed approach — listening to both the young person and their family, and tailoring care to their age, stage and individual needs. 

We provide assessment and care for a range of everyday emotional and developmental concerns in children and teenagers, including: 

  • Anxiety, worry and school avoidance
  • Low mood and emotional difficulties (including Depression)
  • Attention and concentration difficulties (including ADHD)
  • Emotional regulation difficulties
  • Sleep difficulties
  • Adjustment to family, school or life changes
  • Stress related to academic or family pressures 

Note: We do not currently see conduct and behavioural problems as a primary concern. 

Experiencing trauma can have significant effects on a person’s mental health, influencing their emotions, thoughts, relationships and daily functioning. Trauma is a highly treatable condition.

Many people who have experienced trauma also experience somatic symptoms such as aches and pains, muscle tension, fatigue and medically unexplained physical symptoms. Treatment options may include counselling, psychotherapy, somatic therapies, peer support and specialist psychiatric care.

Trauma-informed person-centred care focuses on creating a safe, supportive environment that recognizes the impact of trauma while helping individuals develop coping strategies, build resilience, and work toward recovery at their own pace.

Eating disorders are serious mental health conditions that affect a person’s eating habits, physical health, and emotional well-being. Common eating disorders include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder. Treatment often involves a combination of medical care, psychological therapy, and nutritional counselling. Healthcare professionals may use therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to help individuals develop healthier thoughts and behaviours around food. Early diagnosis and treatment can greatly improve recovery and overall quality of life.

At Best Brains and Minds Specialist Clinic, we are committed to providing inclusive, affirming, and compassionate care for LGBTQI+ individuals. We recognise that everyone deserves to feel safe, respected, and understood, and our clinicians work to create a welcoming environment where people can explore their mental health without fear of judgment. We celebrate diversity and tailor our evidence-based support to each person’s unique experiences, identity, and goals, helping them build resilience, wellbeing, and confidence.

Grief is the emotional, psychological, and physical response to the loss of someone or something important, such as the death of a loved one, the end of a relationship, or a major life change. It can involve feelings of sadness, anger, guilt, loneliness, and difficulty adjusting to daily life.

Interpersonal conflict refers to disagreements or tension between individuals that arise from differences in needs, values, communication styles, or expectations.

Ongoing interpersonal conflict can contribute to stress, anxiety, depression, and reduced relationship satisfaction. A range of evidence-based treatments can help individuals experiencing grief and interpersonal conflict.

Grief counselling provides emotional support and helps people process their loss, while cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) can assist in identifying and changing unhelpful thoughts and behaviours associated with grief or conflict. Interpersonal therapy (IPT) specifically focuses on improving communication skills, resolving relationship difficulties, and strengthening social support.

Family therapy, couples counselling, support groups, and mindfulness-based approaches may also be beneficial, depending on the individual’s needs and circumstances. These treatments aim to promote emotional healing, improve coping strategies, and enhance healthy relationships.

Explore Our Services

Interventions we offer at our purpose designed treatment centre for treatment resistant depression.

Specialist Treatment

Accelerated &Traditional TMS using Neuronavigation

rTMS is a modern, technologically advance, effective, and safe treatment for Depression and many other mental health conditions.

Specialist Treatment

nasal spray

Esketamine is one of the latest treatments for treatment resistant depression.

How to access treatment

If you have been treated with more than two anti-depressant medications and you are still suffering from depression, discuss with your GP and arrange a referral to see a psychiatrist at Best Brains and Minds. The appointments will be prioritised if the GP has informed that the referral is to consider treatment with Esketamine.